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Marinara sauce is a very simple tomato sauce, flavored only with herbs.
Bolognese sauce is a meat sauce. Usually made with beef, and pork or sausage.
Carbonara sauce consists of eggs, parmesan & pecorino cheeses, and pancetta or bacon
Alfredo sauce is a white cream sauce, usually made with cream, parmesan cheese, butter and garlic.
Puttanesca is made with garlic, onion, red pepper flakes, anchovies making it a hot & spicy tomato sauce. Sometimes olives are also added.
Vodka sauce is most commonly, though not exclusively, served over penne. Thus the common dish - penne ala vodka. Vodka sauce is a light tomato cream sauce with of course, vodka. Some variations include a sweet sauce or a spicy sauce.
Francaise is a lemon butter sauce
Marsala is a brown, butter and marsala wine sauce, usually with mushrooms.
Aglio e Olio is a very simple garlic & oil sauce
Hmmmmm....I like them both but I pick the Carbonara